Conclusion Meanings:
'Exonerated': or 'Within NYPD Guidelines' - the alleged conduct occurred but did not violate the NYPD's own rules, which often give officers significant discretion.
'Substantiated': The alleged conduct occurred and it violated the rules. The NYPD has discretion over what, if any, discipline is imposed.
'Unfounded': Evidence suggests that the event or alleged conduct did not occur.
'Within NYPD Guidelines': The alleged conduct occurred but did not violate the NYPD's own rules, which often give officers significant discretion.
Further details on conclusion definitions.
Named in 2 known lawsuits.
Raphael, Elijah vs City of New York, et al.
Case # 518058/2021,
Supreme Court - Kings, September 8, 2021
Gayle, Fitzroy vs City of New York
Case # 517241/2020,
Supreme Court - Kings, October 1, 2020