Conclusion Meanings:
'Exonerated': or 'Within NYPD Guidelines' - the alleged conduct occurred but did not violate the NYPD's own rules, which often give officers significant discretion.
'Substantiated': The alleged conduct occurred and it violated the rules. The NYPD has discretion over what, if any, discipline is imposed.
'Unfounded': Evidence suggests that the event or alleged conduct did not occur.
'Within NYPD Guidelines': The alleged conduct occurred but did not violate the NYPD's own rules, which often give officers significant discretion.
Further details on conclusion definitions.
Named in 2 known lawsuits.
Raphael, Elijah vs City of New York, et al.
Case # 518058/2021,
Supreme Court - Kings, September 8, 2021
Complaint
Description: On April 28, 2019, Plaintiff Elijah Raphael was the front-seat passenger in a car
driven by his cousin Isaiah Hightower. Hightower pulled into a legal parking spot at a Dunkin’ Donuts restaurant near the intersection. Shortly thereafter Plaintiff Raphael and Hightower were approached by Defendant Police Officers Daniel Davidoff, Felix Medina, Emad Hawatmeh, and/or NYPD Officers Jane and/or John Doe #’s 1-10. Hightower was forcibly removed from the car by Defendant Police Officers who then bent and twisted his arm and wrist and slammed his face into the hood of the car. During this time, Plaintiff exited the vehicle and began a recording of the incident on his phone. Defendant Police Officers noticed that Plaint...
Gayle, Fitzroy vs City of New York
Case # 517241/2020,
Supreme Court - Kings, October 1, 2020